COPOM REDUZ JUROS BÁSICOS DA ECONOMIA PARA 10,75% AO ANO

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O comportamento dos preços fez o Banco Central (BC) cortar os juros pela sexta vez seguida. Por unanimidade, o Comitê de Política Monetária (Copom) reduziu a taxa Selic, juros básicos da economia, em 0,5 ponto percentual, para 10,75% ao ano. A decisão era esperada pelos analistas financeiros.

 

Em comunicado, o Copom informou que deverá fazer apenas mais uma redução de 0,5 ponto na próxima reunião, em maio, o que aumenta a chance de a autoridade pausar o ciclo de cortes a partir de junho. Nos textos anteriores, o órgão indicava que prosseguiria com as reduções “nas próximas reuniões”.

 

Segundo o comunicado, o cenário para a inflação permanece inalterado, com riscos tanto de alta como de baixa. Entre os fatores que podem elevar a inflação, estão a persistência das pressões inflacionárias globais e o aquecimento do setor de serviços. Entre os possíveis fatores de queda, estão a desaceleração da economia global maior que a projetada e impactos mais fortes que o esperado das altas de juros em outros países.

 

A taxa está no menor nível desde março de 2022, quando também estava em 10,75% ao ano. De março de 2021 a agosto de 2022, o Copom elevou a Selic por 12 vezes consecutivas, num ciclo de aperto monetário que começou em meio à alta dos preços de alimentos, de energia e de combustíveis. Por um ano, de agosto de 2022 a agosto de 2023, a taxa foi mantida em 13,75% ao ano por sete vezes seguidas.

 

Antes do início do ciclo de alta, a Selic tinha sido reduzida para 2% ao ano, no nível mais baixo da série histórica iniciada em 1986. Por causa da contração econômica gerada pela pandemia de covid-19, o Banco Central tinha derrubado a taxa para estimular a produção e o consumo. A taxa ficou no menor patamar da história de agosto de 2020 a março de 2021.

 

Inflação

A Selic é o principal instrumento do Banco Central para manter sob controle a inflação oficial, medida pelo Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo (IPCA). Em fevereiro, o indicador ficou em 0,83% e acumula 4,5% em 12 meses. Após sucessivas quedas nos últimos meses, a inflação voltou a subir levemente por causa de alimentos e de serviços de educação.

 

O índice em 12 meses está exatamente no teto da meta de inflação. Para 2024, o Conselho Monetário Nacional (CMN) fixou meta de inflação de 3%, com margem de tolerância de 1,5 ponto percentual. O IPCA, portanto, não podia superar 4,5% nem ficar abaixo de 1,5% neste ano.

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