O governo prepara uma MP (medida provisória) para permitir que empresas adiem por até quatro meses o recolhimento de FGTS (Fundo de Garantia do Tempo de Serviço) dos empregados.
A suspensão será temporária e, depois, terá que ser compensada pelo patrão. O direito ao depósito de 8% do salário em conta do FGTS do trabalhador não muda.
A medida, também adotada em 2020, faz parte de um pacote de ações a serem propostas pelo Ministério da Economia para reduzir os custos dos empresários diante do agravamento da pandemia, que levou a restrições a algumas atividades.
A MP deve ser publicada até a próxima semana. O governo ainda avalia qual deve ser o período de diferimento (adiamento do encargo), mas deve variar entre três e quatro meses.
A empresa, depois desse prazo, terá que voltar a pagar o FGTS mensalmente no valor normal, além do montante que deixou de ser depositado na conta do trabalhador pelo período de até quatro meses.
Os valores atrasados poderão ser parcelados, mas sem multas e encargos. O objetivo é não representar uma elevação forte no custo do patrão.
Se o trabalhador for demitido antes que o FGTS adiado não tenha sido quitado, a empresa, no momento da rescisão do contrato, será obrigada a depositar o que deixou de ser pago no período de diferimento. Ou seja, recompor o saldo da conta do empregado.
A medida provisória também deve reeditar dispositivo que permite a antecipação de férias -usado no ano passado.
As férias poderão ser concedidas mesmo que o empregado não tenha completado o tempo mínimo para o período aquisitivo. As regras de comunicação ao trabalhador sobre as férias, decididas pelo patrão, também devem ser flexibilizadas.
O governo, portanto, quer apresentar primeiro essa MP sobre normas trabalhistas e, no fim de março, dar início à nova versão do programa que permite corte de jornada -e de salário- dos trabalhadores da iniciativa privada.
Para reduzir a jornada e o salário ou mesmo suspender temporariamente o contrato de trabalho, a empresa precisará negociar com os empregados ou com o sindicato.
A ideia é que, de imediato, sejam autorizadas medidas com efeito mais rápido, como o adiamento do FGTS e flexibilização nas regras sobre férias. O Ministério da Economia diz que, com isso, conseguirá evitar demissões num momento de fechamento, por exemplo, do comércio e de serviços por conta do repique da pandemia.
Na primeira MP trabalhista, deve ser prevista ainda a autorização para antecipação de feriados não religiosos. No entanto, esse aproveitamento de feriados dependerá de acordo entre patrão e empregado.
A nova rodada de medidas inclui também regras mais flexíveis para férias coletivas. O patrão poderá concedê-las sem a necessidade de comunicar antes o Ministério da Economia ou o sindicato da categoria.
O governo quer permitir que a empresa altere o regime de trabalho presencial para o teletrabalho, o formato remoto ou a distância, sem a necessidade de acordos individuais ou coletivos.
Por causa da pandemia, devem ser suspensas certas exigências administrativas em segurança e saúde no trabalho, como treinamentos periódicos e reuniões presenciais da CIPA (Comissão Interna de Prevenção de Acidentes).
A MP também deve prever mudanças nas regras para banco de horas dos empregados para os próximos meses.
Para o enfrentamento da pandemia neste ano, o governo vem reeditando ações que vigoraram em 2020. O protocolo do Ministério da Economia prevê que inicialmente sejam adotadas medidas sem custo aos cofres públicos.
No entanto, parte do cronograma está comprometida. Por conta da não aprovação do Orçamento de 2021 pelo Congresso, ainda não foi destravada a antecipação do 13º de aposentados, que seria uma das primeiras medidas adotadas.
Apesar de não gerar impacto fiscal nas contas do ano, o remanejamento dos pagamentos poderia criar questionamentos legais. Isso porque as contas do governo operam com restrições até que o Orçamento seja aprovado. Por isso, técnicos defendem que a medida não seja adotada até o aval do Legislativo.
No grupo de medidas com custo ao Orçamento, o governo prevê a liberação de no máximo R$ 44 bilhões em 2021 com a nova rodada do auxílio emergencial. Em 2020, o programa consumiu quase R$ 300 bilhões do Tesouro Nacional.
A proposta aprovada no Congresso para destravar a assistência autoriza gastos fora das regras fiscais apenas para essa finalidade. Outras despesas do governo seguirão sujeitas a travas como a do teto de gastos, que limita o crescimento das despesas públicas à variação da inflação. Medidas em elaboração pelo governo:
– Adiamento do pagamento do FGTS do trabalhador por até quatro meses
– Valor do FGTS adiado será pago posteriormente pelo empregador
– Antecipação de férias
– Flexibilização para decretar férias coletivas
– Antecipação de feriados
– Flexibilização de regras para alterar regime de trabalho para home office
(Via: O Tempo)
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