A partir de 1º de novembro, o trabalhador que aderiu ao saque-aniversário do Fundo de Garantia do Tempo de Serviço (FGTS) terá limitações na hora de antecipar o benefício nos bancos. O valor e o número de parcelas passarão a ser limitados, assim como haverá restrições de prazo e um período de carência.
A decisão foi aprovada nesta terça-feira (7) pelo Conselho Curador do Fundo de Garantia. Segundo o ministro do Trabalho e Emprego, Luiz Marinho, que preside o órgão, a mudança tem como objetivo evitar abusos contra o trabalhador que contrata empréstimos para antecipar o saque-aniversário, pagando juros, e fazer com que o dinheiro do FGTS vá direto para o trabalhador, não para o sistema financeiro.
As principais mudanças são as seguintes:
Limites de valores: o empréstimo passa a ser limitado entre R$ 100 e R$ 500 por parcela, com máximo de cinco parcelas nos próximos 12 meses, totalizando R$ 2,5 mil. A partir de novembro de 2026, o limite que será reduzido para três parcelas de R$ 100 a R$ 500 por a cada saque-aniversário. Até agora, não havia um teto de valor.
Limite de frequência: o trabalhador poderá contratar apenas uma operação de antecipação por ano. Pela regra anterior, era possível fazer várias operações de crédito anualmente, as chamadas “operações simultâneas.”
Carência: o trabalhador só poderá contratar antecipações nas instituições financeiras 90 dias após a adesão ao saque-aniversário.
Críticas
De acordo com o ministro do Trabalho, Luiz Marinho, a revisão das regras tem como objetivo proteger os trabalhadores do endividamento excessivo e garantir a sustentabilidade do FGTS. Para o governo, o uso do saldo como garantia de empréstimos tem levado muitos brasileiros a situações de vulnerabilidade em casos de demissão.
“O saque-aniversário tem efeito colateral: enfraquece o FGTS como fundo de investimento — seja na habitação, no saneamento ou na infraestrutura — e prejudica o trabalhador, que muitas vezes gasta de forma antecipada sem planejamento”, afirmou Marinho. Ele chegou a dizer que, “se dependesse da vontade política dele, o saque-aniversário já teria sido extinto”. (AGÊNCIA BRASIL)
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